儿科急诊护士工作时间对其身心健康的影响

The Influence of Working Time on Physical and Psychological Health of Nurses in Pediatric Emergency Room

目的 探讨儿科急诊工作时间的长短对护士生理、心理可能造成的影响。方法 采用国际通用症状自评量表（symptom check-list 90，SCL-90），对本医院及上海儿童医学中心儿科急诊79名护士的心理压力源进行问卷调查。结果 在儿科急诊工作6个月至1年的护士，躯体化、焦虑因子稍高于常模，1～10年的护士除人际关系、恐怖因子外，其余因子分均高于常模；工作时间1-5年、6～10年和10年以上3组之间SCL-90得分无显著差异。结论 在儿科急诊工作1年以上的护士心理健康水平低于一般人群，护理管理者应给予足够的重视，如合理排班、定期轮换、建立护理人员支持系统、加强心理沟通等。

Objective To find out the possible influence of working time on pediatric emergency nurses＇ mental and physical health. Methods By using the questionnaire of symptom check list （SCL-90）, the leading causes of psychological pressure of 79 pediatric emergency nurses working in our hospital or Children Medical Center were surveyed. Results The somatization and anxiety factors of the nurses working in pediatric emergency department for more than 6 months but less than 1 year were higher than normal. All the factors of the nurses working for more than 1 year but less than 10 years were higher than normal except for human relations and consternation factors. There was no difference of SCL-90 scores between three groups with different working time：more than 1 year but less than 5 years, more than 5 years but less than 10 years,and more than 10 years. Conclusion The nurses who have been working in the pediatric emergency departments for more than one year but less than 10 years were less healthy than average population. Therefor, the nurse managers should pay more attention to this phenomenon, arrange shifts rationally, build up supporting system and facilitate communication with them.