“夫子之道”——原典意义上的理论与实践探讨

The Way of Confucius——Probing into his original theory and practice

夫子之道见于六经。其以人情察天道,以天道化治道,以期大同理想的实现。孔子将人文解放的汩汩泉水,引入“先王旧典”的故园旱地,从此,把“文化”变成了“文明”。他希望以“和而不同”的理性原则,以天下苍生为念的悲悯情怀,和“以民为本”的政治模式,构造一个生气勃勃的全新社会形态。然而,在将理想变为现实的操作过程中,孔子所赖以成就的伦理道德,及“士”的献身精神,不仅令他失望,而且与专制独裁相结合,将他旨在人文解放的“夫子之道”,变成了压制人民的专制意识形态。

The way of Confucius was recorded in Six Classics. Confucius tried to achieve a society of great harmony by following the law of nature and by governing people. Guided by the rational concept “harmonious but different”, he wanted to construct a completely new society with a “people-oriented” political model. However, when realizing his idea, the ethic morality he adhered to was made use of by the despotic government and was turned into an ideology that oppressed the people.