应用基因分型技术研究牛结核分枝杆菌分子流行病学(英文)

Molecular Apidemiology Study of Mycobacterium bovis Infection by the Usefulness of Genotyping Techniques

牛分枝杆菌是引起牛结核病(bTB)的病原体,侵染宿主广泛,可感染多种家畜和野生动物,对人类和动物健康构成巨大危害。随着多年不懈的研究,有关分枝杆菌分子流行病学的知识积累不断增加。作者对近年来应用新的基因分型技术研究牛结核分枝杆菌分子流行病学方面的一些研究进展。这些技术包限制性片段长度多态性分析(RFLP)、PCR介导的间隔区寡核苷酸分析(spoligotyping)、数目可变串联重复位点(VNTR)等。主要用于对人、牛、家畜以及野生动物的结核病分子流行病学进行分析和监测。另外,还利用一系列敏感的基于PCR的技术从分枝杆菌杆菌复合体(NTM)中对菌型进行鉴别。对分枝杆菌感染分子流行病学的全面了解,有助于对本病扩散传播机制的深入研究。可为制定科学防治结核病的措施做出贡献。

Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis （bTB）, has a wide host range, infecting many domestic and wild animals and is one of a potential health hazard for animals and humans. With the research being continued in recent years, the knowledge of Molecular epidemiology of the infection have been increasing, This review discusses the currendy available information on Molecular epidemiology of M. bovis infection analyzed by the usefulness of new genotyping techniques, such as carrying out the unequivocal differential detection of M. bovis and M. tubercubosis with restriction fragment length polymorphisms （RFLP）; applying PCR-based spoligotyping and variable -number tandem repeat （VNTR） assay for epidemiological surveillance M. bovis infection in human, cattle and other wild or domestic animals, and evolution of tuberculosis pathogens; using a series of sensitive PCR methods to discriminate one species from non-tuberculous mycobacteria （NTM）. A complete understanding of the Molecular epidemiology of M. bovis infection could give important insights into the extent and spread of disease, which will contribute to the development of ideal control schemes of M. bovis infections.