长江铜陵段老洲水域鱼类资源的初步调查研究

Primary Investigation of the Fish Resources in Laozhou,Tongling Region of Yangtze River

对长江铜陵段老洲水域中的鱼类资源进行了初步调查和研究,结果表明:目前该水域中鱼类共计36种,隶属于8目15科和30属;这些鱼类可分为淡水、洄游和河口3个生态类群,其中以淡水类群为优势类群.自上世纪中后期以来,长江铜陵段老洲水域中的鱼类组成及资源发生都发生了明显的变动,主要特点为鱼类的目数和种数减少、珍稀鱼类的濒危甚至灭绝、渔获物的低龄化和小型化.本文从不科学捕捞、环境污染、栖息地丧失和生物入侵四个方面总结了造成该水域中鱼类组成及资源变动的主要原因,并为长江渔业资源的可持续开发和利用提供了建议性措施.

The fish resources in Laozhou, Tongllng region of Yangtze River were primarily investigated in this paper. The results showed that the fishing catches involved 36 species, belonging to 8 orders, 15 families and 30 genuses. And these fishes could be divided into freshwater, migratory and estuarine kinds, among which the former was the preponderant kind. Since the latter half of 20^th century, the fishes in Laozhou experienced the marked variations in their composition and resources, including the decrease of the diversity in orders and species, the endangering and even the extinction of rare fishes, and the low-aging and miniaturization of fish catching. Mankind＇s excessive fishing, environmental pollutions, the loss of habitats and the invasion of alien fishes were considered as the main causes responsible for these variations. For the sustainable exploitation and use of fish resources of Yangtze River, some measures were also proposed in this paper.