原子干涉测量技术在大地测量领域中的应用分析

Application Analysis of Atom Interferometry in Geodesy Field

随着冷原子光学的发展尤其是原子干涉技术的发展，在测量重力场和定位定向等方面产生了新的方法手段，这将对大地测量领域产生很大的影响。本文首先论述了原子干涉技术的基本原理，进而阐述了原子重力梯度仪和原子干涉陀螺仪的设计结构，在此基础上分析了它在卫星重力梯度测量和惯性导航中的应用，指出利用原子干涉技术可以大大提高在上述方面的精度和可靠性。最后论述了现有原子干涉测量技术的不足和未来发展方向。

With the development of cold atom optics, especially the atom interferometry （ AI）, a new method for determining the gravity field and position has been formed, which may have a big impact on geodesy. This paper firstly describes the basic principle of atom interferometry and depicts the structure of AI gradiometer and AI gyroscope, and then analyses the applications of these instruments in inertial navigation and Satellite gravity gradiometry. Based the analysis, a conclusion is put forward that the accuracy and reliability can be improved greatly by using the above techniques. Finally, the disadvantages and the future development of AI are disscussed.