交叉电磁场中的原子里德伯态

The Rydberg states of atoms in crossed electric-magnetic fields

随存在外场强度不同，原子的结构和形状都有不同程度的变化，外场很强时，这种变化更大，显示了一类全新的物理、化学客体。此时原子的里德伯态会呈现出一系列出乎预料的奇异特性。在强磁弱电外场中，原子高角动量里德伯态在正离子核周围的运动可绝热分解为三种运动：快速回旋运动，沿磁场方向的振动以及进动。部分电偶极矩在非均匀外电场中明显有偏转现象存在。当电子从（－ｘ０，０，０）向鞍声、（ＩＳＰ）运动时，其能量从ｚ振荡转移到由外电场和库仑场组成的势能中去。电场Ｅ（≈１０３～１０５Ｖ／ｍ）和磁场Ｂ（≈０．２～６Ｔ）强度不同，对里德伯态原子的电离阈值影响很大，定标电场，定标能量（Ｗ为激发能），电场和磁场的结合可以囚禁住带电粒子。

Atomic structure and formation are different with the difference of external fields.The more larger,the more external fields strong.High angular momentum Ryd-berg states of atoms in strong magnetic and weak crossed electric fields corresponds to classical regular drift trajectories around the positive ion core.The motion can be adiabatically separated in a fast cyclotron motion,an oscillation in magnetic field direction,and a slow drift motion.some of the drift trajectories display huge electric dipole moments induced by the weak electric field.When electron moves from (-x0,0, 0)to ionization sadlle point (lSP)its energy transfers potelltial.It was found that the scaled electricfield and the scaled energy with excitation energy W are sufficient in order to describe the observed ionization threshold.Charge particle may be traped by crossed external fields.It is very usefule to study Rydberg atoms in crossed fields for ions physics,X-ray lasers,and so on.