纤维支气管镜活检标本FHIT基因检测对肺癌诊断的价值

Detection of FHIT deletion in tissues obtained by fiberoptic bronchoscopy and its diagnostic value of lung cancer

目的:研究肺癌患者纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)活检标本中FHIT基因缺失的情况及其在肺癌发生发展中的作用,探讨检测FHIT基因缺失在肺癌早期诊断中的应用价值。方法:采用反转录———聚合酶链反应方法,对52例肺癌患者和9例肺良性疾病患者的纤支镜活检标本中FHIT基因缺失进行检测。结果:肺癌患者活检标本FHIT基因缺失率为65.4%,肺良性疾病患者活检标本FHIT基因缺失率为22.2%,二者比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。FHIT基因缺失率在编码区和非编码区无差异。FHIT基因失活与吸烟相关,但与肿瘤部位、组织学类型、分化程度和临床分期无关。早期肺癌患者就有较高的FHIT基因缺失率。结论:FHIT基因缺失在肺癌中是频发事件,与肺癌的发生发展有关,并且可能是肺癌发生的早期分子事件。检测纤支镜活检标本FHIT基因缺失有可能作为肺癌诊断的一个参考指标。

Objective： To explore the deletion of FHIT in biopsy samples of fiberoptic bronchoscopy （FB） in patients with lung cancer and benign pulmonary diseases and evaluate its diagnostic value of lung cancer. Methods： Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） was used to examine the deletion at FHIT for biopsy samples of FB in 52 patients with lung cancer and 9 patients with benign pulmonary disease. Results： The deletion rate of FHIT gene was 65.4% （34/52） and 22.2% （2/9） in lung biopsy samples in patient with lung cancer and benign pulmonary disease respectively. In 52 cases of lung cancer, the frequency of loss at FHIT exon 1 - 4 was not significantly different from that at FHIT exon 5 - 9. The loss of FHIT expression did not Correlate with tumor located, histological type, cell differentiation and clinical stage, but was frequently observed in tobacco smokers. In the stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ lung cancer, 61.1% of the cases showed a marked loss of FHIT gene. Conclusion： Loss of FHIT gene transcript is frequent event in lung cancer. FHIT gene may play an important role in genesis and progression of lung cancer. Detection of FHIT gene deletion in biopsy samples of FB may be used to diagnose lung cancer.