黑米皮花色苷提取物对动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块作用的实验研究

EFFECTS OF ANTHOCYANIN-RICH EXTRACT FROM BLACK RICE ON THE ATHEROSCLEROTIC VULNERABLE PLAQUE IN ApoE DEFICIENT MICE

目的:探讨黑米皮花色苷提取物对载脂蛋白E基因缺陷(ApoE-/-)小鼠动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)不稳定斑块的作用及其相关机制。方法:48只ApoE-/-小鼠(C57BL/6J品系)饲喂AIN-93基础饲料30w建立AS不稳定斑块动物模型,随机分为三组:黑米皮花色苷组(BRA)、辛伐他汀组及对照组。膳食干预20w后,应用苏木精-伊红(H-E)染色观察无名动脉处不稳定斑块变化,免疫组化法检测基质金属蛋白酶-1(matrixmetalloproteinase-1,MMP-1)和Ⅰ型胶原表达变化,RT-PCR法检测组织因子(tissuefactor,TF)mRNA表达变化。结果:BRA组和辛伐他汀组与对照组相比,无名动脉处不稳定斑块薄纤维帽和大脂核出现的频率减少,MMP-1表达下降,Ⅰ型胶原表达增加,TFmRNA表达降低。结论:黑米皮花色苷提取物对ApoE-/-小鼠AS不稳定斑块的促进作用与改变斑块的构成以及抑制TFmRNA的表达有关。

Objective. To explore the effects of anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice （BRAE） on the atherosclerotic （AS） vulnerable plaque in apolipoprotein E deficient mice. Methods. Forty eight ApoE^-/- mice on a C57BL/6J background were fed with a chow diet based on AIN-93 formula for 30 w to establish vulnerable plaque model. Then the mice were randomly divided into three groups： BRA group, simvastatin group and control group, and fed different diets for 20 w. The changes of vulnerable plaque in innominate arteries were observed with HE stain. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and collagen Ⅰ were determined by immunohistochemical method, and the expression of tissue factor mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results： Compared with control group, the frequency of thin fibrous cap and large lipid core in innominate arteries vulnerable plaque were lower in simvastatin group and BRA group. The expression of metalloproteinase-1 was decreased but the expression of collagen Ⅰ was increased, and the tissue factor mRNA was higher after treated with simvastatin and BRA. Conclusion： The facilitative effect of black rice anthocyanin extract on AS vulnerable plaque in apolipoprotein E deficient mice is related with the change of plaque composition and the inhibition of tissue factor mRNA expression.