降黏剂对罗家超稠油及其极性四组分模型油乳化性能的影响

Effects on Emulsification of Luojia Ultra Heavy Crude Oil and Its Model Oil by an Emulsifier/Viscosity Reducer

实验油样为20℃密度1．0072g／cm^3、50℃黏度40．96Pa·s、凝点26．5℃的胜利罗家超稠油，乳化降黏剂为非离子表面活性剂OP-10。含水50％的W／O型乳化稠油用600mg／L OP-10处理后，变为O／W型乳化稠油，在40、50、60、70、80、90℃下的降黏率。以脱水稠油计为99．30％-96．24％，以W/O乳化稠油计为99．58％～96．95％。按行业标准方法将稠油分离为四组分：饱和分20．17％．芳香分39．28％，胶质20．67％，沥青质19．88％，摄取了四组分的IR谱并指认了可能的官能团。将各组分在甲苯中配成2％的模型油，将模型油分散于25倍体积的0．6％Na2CO3碱水中．由加OP-10前后透光率的变化确定各组分乳化能力大小 顺序：沥青质〉芳香分〉饱和分≈胶质。各组分模拟油与地层水、碱水间50℃、10-40分钟动态界面张力高低顺序为：沥青质〉饱和分〉肢质〉芳香分，加OP-10处理后界面张力的降低率，与地层水间为82％～93％。按降低率排列的顺序为：饱和分≈胶质〉芳香分〉沥青质。与碱水间为22％～89％，按降低率排列的顺序为：沥青质〉饱和分≈胶质〉芳香分，对这一结果作了分析讨论，包括OP-10引起的芳香分、胶质、沥青质甲基与芳香烃次甲基IR吸收峰面积比和反映更强氢键生成的3600-3000cm^-1土丘状IR吸收峰的变化。图8表7参7。

The experimental oil is an ultra Heavy crude oil （UHCO） of density 1. 0072 g/cm^3 at 20℃, viscosity 40.96 Pa·s at 50℃, and pour point 26.5℃ taken from Luojia, Shengli. The emulslfier/vlscosity reducer used is nonionic surfactant OP-10. A W/O（50/50） enmlsion of the UHCO is converted to O/W one by treating with OP-10 at dosage 600 mg/L and the viscosity of O/W emulsion at 40,50,60,70,80, and 90℃ is reduced by 99.30-96.24 % and 99.58-96,95 % in comparison with UHCO and its W/O emulsion, respectively. The UHCO sample is separated by a trade standard procedure into four petroleum fractions （PFs） ： saturate （S） 20.17%, aromatic （Ar） 39.28%, resin （R） 20.67%, and asphaltene （As） 19.88%. The IR spectra are taken and the functionalities of UHCO and every PF are designated. These PFs are dissolved in toluene to obtain 2% model oils （MOs）, the laters are dispersed in 25-fold volume of 0.6% Na2CO3 aqueous solution and, according to changes in light absorbancy the PFs are arranged in order： As〉Ar〉S≈R. Forthese PF MOs, the dynamic inter＇facial tension （DIFT） with formation water and Na2CO3 aqueous solution at 50℃ in 10-40 mln is arranged in decreasing order As〉S〉R〉Ar and the DIFT reduction caused by treating MEg with OP-10 is of 82-93% and arranged in decreasing order： S≈R〉Ar〉As in cases with formation water and is of 22-89% and arranged in decreasing order： As〉S≈R〉Ar. These experimental phenomena are analyzed and discussed, in particular, in terms of changes in IR absorption peak area ratio of methyl and aromatic methylene and in wide IR absorption peak at 3600-3000 cm^-1 denoting formation of more stronger hydrogen bonds.