GATT1994最惠国待遇原则适用辨析——以我国的第一例被申诉案为例

An Analysis of the Apppying of the MFN:A Case Study

适用最惠国待遇原则首先要确定是否总协定所指的利益,其中GATT1994第I条第1款里“第III条第2款和第4款所指的事项”应适用第III条的例外规定;其次要确定这种利益是否立即、无条件地给予了其他成员方,这种利益不应附加法律上或事实上的条件,成员方不得以企业的商业选择作为抗辩;再次,这种优惠应当给予所有缔约方的相同或类似产品,相同或类似产品应当从产品的特性,以及消费者的认知来判断。

The first thing must be assured in the application of Article I of GATT1994 is that whether or not a measure is one of the ＂advantage,favour, privilege or immunity＂ being referred to in Article I：1, and Article Ⅲ：8 must be applied to ＂all matters refered to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of ArticleⅢ＂ in Article I：1. The second thing must be assured is whether or not the benefit is immediately and unconditionally given to other contracting parties. Neither lawful condition nor factual condition should be attached to the benefit. It can＇t be accepted that it is a decision made by the commence choice from the enterprise. To correctly obey their obligation, the members must give the benefit to the same or like production from other contracting parties;the character of the products and the knowlege of the consumers should be used to determine whether or not the products are same or like.