陇东黄花菜越冬覆盖保墒增收机理研究

Study of Lily Flower Live Through the Winter Mantle Keep Moisture Increase Output Mechanism in East of Gansu

通过对庆阳优质特色产品黄花菜越冬期进行地膜覆盖和玉米秸秆覆盖,分析越冬期土壤水分损耗、早春地温变化特征,以及不同覆盖材料水、热资源对黄花菜发育期、生长量、产量构成要素的影响。结论认为:在秋季降水充沛、土壤收墒充足、冬季气温偏高、降水明显偏少的年型,采取越冬覆盖能最大限度保持土壤水库蓄水。陇东塬区黄花菜越冬田间覆盖应大力提倡秸秆覆盖,由于秸秆覆盖既环保,又保墒,而且能有效调节黄花菜发育进程,使产量形成期避开陇东春旱最严重时期,提高水、肥利用率,增产显著。6月中、下旬和7月上、中旬降水对陇东塬黄花菜产量形成至关重要。

To lily flower of high quality characteristic production in Qingyang carry through plastic pellicle mantle and maize straw pole mantle in live and different mantle material water, through the winter, analysis soil water resume, ground temperature change character heat resource to the effect of upgrowth period, growth measure and output inscape of lily flower. Conclusion shows that in autumn precipitation profusion, soil moisture abundance, winter air temperature on the high side, the year of precipitation distinctness lack, adopt live through the winter plastic pellicle mantle can holding soil reservoir sluice maximum. We energetically advocate straw mantle to lily flower in living through the winter in east of Gansu, because straw mantle protect the environment, keep moisture, and effectively adjust growth course of lily flower, make the output form period avoid the furthest serious spring arid, increase the water and fertilizer utilize efficiency, increase production observably. The precipitation is very important to output form of lily flower in the middle ten days and the last ten-day of June, and in the first ten days and the middle ten days of July in east of Gansu.