新型湿度测量仪在气-水系统中的应用

Application of a novel instrument for wetness measurement in water-air flows

为解决流动湿蒸汽湿度测量难度大、准确度差等问题,根据蒸汽与水的介电常数差异较大的特点,研制了一种新型的电容式蒸汽湿度测量仪,来实现蒸汽湿度的在线测量.提出了向空气流中喷入雾化水来模拟饱和湿蒸汽的方法,并在空气-水系统中对新型湿度测量仪进行了标定实验.实验结果表明,随着空气绝对湿度的增大,输出频率逐渐减小,湿度与输出频率呈非线性关系.该测量仪能承受高温、高压,且具有一定的精度,经严格标定后,可应用到核电站及核动力舰船上,进行蒸汽湿度的在线测量.

To solve the problem that wetness measurement of flowing wet steam is difficult and inaccurate, a novel instrument for wetness measurement of flowing wet steam is developed by using of capacitance method based on the fact that water and steam have different permittivities, and on-line wetness measurement can be realized by means of this instrument. The method that flowing saturated wet steam is simulated by spraying water into air flow is proposed, and calibration experiment for the instrument is conducted in water/air flows. The experimental result shows that the frequency output decreases as the absolute wetness increases, and there is a nonlinear relation between wetness and frequency. The instrument can endure high temperature and high pressure and has preferable precision. After strict calibration, it can be used to measure steam wetness in nuclear power plants and nuclear-powered ships.