裕固族民族语言使用现状的人类学调查研究——以红石窝、韭菜沟、喇嘛湾三乡为例

Research on Anthropology of Actualities of Yugur Language Use Illustrated by three Villags——Hong Shi Wo,Jiu Cai Gou and La Ma Wan

居住在甘肃河西走廊的裕固族,族内操着差异较大的两种语言:一种语言属于蒙古语族,被称为东部裕固语;另一种语言属于突厥语族,被称为西部裕固语。笔者通过民族学田野调查,对裕固语使用现状作了详细的描述,并在描述和理论探讨的基础上对裕固语的使用区域进行了分类。具体来说,由于地理环境、汉语文教育、民族通婚等因素的影响,可分为裕固语、汉语双语区;东西部裕固语、汉语多语区和汉语单语区(裕固语缺失区)。

This paper deals with the research on anthropology of how Yugur language is actually used in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province. Due to historical reasons, this ethnic minority uses two languages： a Mongolian branch of the language used by the Yugurs in the eastern part; a Turkic branch of the Aitaic language used in the western part. By making on-the-spot investigations, the author has reached the conclusion that the actual use of this language can be classified as Yugur language, Chinese bilingual area, Yugur language both in the esstem and western part, Chinese multilingual area and Chinese monolingual area （Yugur language deficiency） clue to the influence of geographical environment, Chinese education and intermarriage.