白水江自然保护区麦吊云杉群落类型与垂直格局初步分析

A Primary Study on Altitudinal Pattern,Type of of Picea brachytyla formation in Baishuijiang Nature Reserve

麦吊云杉（Picea brachytyla）为我国二级重点保护植物，也是甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区针阔混交林带（21130—2900m）主要的建群种之一。以第3次大熊猫调查植被数据为基础，以树种重要值为指标，分析了白水江保护区麦吊云杉群落的结构特征。结果表明：该保护区麦吊云杉群落按乔木重要值的大小可划分为10个亚群系，其中与糙皮桦（Betula utilis）和红桦（Betula albo-sinensis）形成的混交林分布最广；麦吊云杉的主要伴生树种为糙皮桦和红桦，其次为铁杉（Tsuga chinensis）、岷江冷杉（Abies chensiensis）、五裂槭（Acer oliverianum）、泡花树（Meliosma dilleniifolia）、华山松（Pinus armandi）等；麦吊云杉群落从低海拔向高海拔的递变规律是由与温性针阔叶树种华山松、铁杉、糙皮桦、红桦等组成的亚群系向与寒温性针叶树冷杉等形成亚群系递变。

Picea brachytyla is one of emphasis protective Ⅱ class plant in china, also is one of important constructive species in mixed forests of coniferous trees and broad-leafed trees in Baishuijiang Reserve. The articIe is based on the vegetation of the Third Giant Panda investigation, formation structure of Picea brachytyla was assayed with importance value of tree species. The result indicated that there are 10 sub-formation of Picea brachytyla. Among these sub-formation, mixed forests made up of Picea brachytyla and Betula utilis, Picea brachytyla and Betula albo-sinensis distribute widely; relevance species of Picea brachytyla are such as Betula utilis , Betula albo-sinensis , Tsuga chinensis, Abies chensiensis, Acer oliverianum, Meliosma dilleniifolia, Pinus armandi, etc; sub-formation of Picea brachytyla are changed from warm broad-leafed and coniferous trees made up of Pinus armandi, Tsuga chinensis ,Betula utilis and Betula albo-sinensis to cold coniferous trees made up of Abies with high altitude to low.