新理性自由法思想初探——青年马克思对法律与自由关系的把握

New Legal Thought on Liberty and Rationality——Young Marx’s Study on the Relation between Law and Liberty

青年马克思以自由与理性为出发点,分析法律现象,探讨法律问题,创立了区别于康德、黑格尔的新理性自由法思想。这一思想是整个马克思主义法哲学观发展过程的初始阶段。青年马克思初步明确了法律与自由的含义,并对两者的辨证关系进行了深刻把握,他强调法律是自由的肯定存在,法律并不排斥自由,自由只有在真正的法律中才表现为公民普遍的权利,法律总是强迫不服从法律的人成为自由的人。这些观点至今仍具有重要的理论和现实意义。

Young Karl Marx analyzed the legal phenomena and probed into the legal problems from liberty and rationality, hence forming the foundation of New Legal Thought on Liberty and Rationality, which was different from Kant and Hegal. The thought was the first stage in the formation process of the whole Marxism philosophy of law. As the core, Young Marx＇s initiative definition of law and liberty and his deep study on the dialectic relation between law and liberty, which insisted that law be the positive existence of liberty, law be not rejective to law. Liberty exhibits general rights only in real law and laws always enforce someone who is subjective to law into a free man. These views are of great significance in theory and practice.