药用级樟脑生产中职业病危害及控制措施

Analysis of Occupational Hazards and Protective Measures in the Production Process of Officinal Camphor

目的识别樟脑生产过程中产生的职业病危害,评价采取的职业病危害防护措施及其控制效果。方法采用现场调查、实验室检测定量分析方法。结果生产过程中产生职业病危害因素有樟脑(升华室内短时间接触浓度为168.6 mg/m3、包装工位8 h时间加权平均浓度为32.1 mg/m3)、二甲苯(8 h时间加权平均浓度<0.1mg/m3)、噪声〔82 dB(A)〕及高温(湿球黑球温度WBGT 24.2℃)。结论樟脑包装车间通风排毒设施未能满足正常生产需要,应增设樟脑包装车间局部通风排毒罩,加强职业安全卫生培训和保障一系列职业卫生管理措施的落实,保障劳动者身体健康。

Objective To identify the occupational risk factors in the production process of camphor,to evaluate the effects of protective measures taking towards the occupational hazards,and to discuss the critical eontrol points of eceupational hazards and special requirements for protection.Methods Field investigation of occupational health and quantitative analysis of the laboratory testing were taken in this study. Results Occupational hazard factors created in the process of production included camphor [ short -term exposure concentration（STEL） in sublimating room was 168.6 mg/m^3 , 8 - hour time - weighted average concentration （TWA） of packers was 32.1 mg/m^3 ] ,Xylene （TWA 〈 0.1 mg/m^3） ,noise [82 dB （A）] and high temperature （wet black globe temperature was 24.2℃ ）, Camphor was the key evaluation factor, facilities of ventilation and detoxitication failed to meet the needs of normal production in the camphor packaging workshop. Conclusion Adding the quantity of regional ventilating and de- toxieating hoods in the camphor packaging workshop, strengthening the training and implementing a series of occupational health management measures effectively to achieve the purpose of protecting the health of workers.