气候变暖条件下,中(高)亚洲地区不稳定型冻土的巨大挑战和创新解决方案:——来自首届亚洲冻土大会及会后青藏高原考察的总结报告

Great Challenges of and Innovative Solutions to the Unstable Permafrost in Central(High) Asia under a Warming Climate:A Summary Report from the First Asian Conference on Permafrost

首届亚洲冻土大会于2006年8月5～16日在兰州、青藏线和拉萨顺利召开．大会讨论主要包括以下5个议题：1）冻土工程；2）山区和高原冻融灾害及冰缘环境；3）冰冻圈的气候与环境条件；4）冻土水文、寒区水资源及土地利用，和；5）冻土监测、制图及模拟．国内论文大多集中于青藏铁路各种科技创新和工程（示范）建设方面．中亚冻土分类、制图和监测研讨会明确了制定统一的中亚地区冻土图的计划和实施方案．会议期间，国内主要新闻媒体对全球15位著名冻土学家进行了联合采访．大约80位中外代表参加了青藏（公）铁路沿线考察，并于8月15日在拉萨举行青藏铁路工程和环境问题讨论会．专家一致认为，青藏铁路所采取的冻土工程措施基本上是恰当、有效的，能够保证青藏铁路路基的长期稳定性．但是，沿线寒区环境保护问题还任重道远，需要尽快进行综合管（治）理，以达到青藏地区社会经济和谐、持续发展的目标．

Under the auspices of the Geographical Society of China and the International Permafrost Association, organized and hosted by the State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering, Cold and Arid Region Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the First Asian Conference on Permafrost （ACOP） was successfully held in Lanzhou, along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway/Railway （QTH/R）, and in Lhasa during 5 - 16 August 2006. Two hundred fifty three participants （99 overseas scholars） from 16 countries presented 128 papers on permafrost and cold regions science, engineering and technology in oral（90） and/or posters（38） formats. The ACOP themes ranged widely in the following five aspects. 1） permafrost engineering; 2） frost hazards and periglacial environments in mountain and plateau areas~ 3） climate and environments in the cryosphere; 4） permafrost hydrology, cold regions water resources and land use; and 5） monitoring, mapping and modeling of permafrost. The majority of the Chinese papers were more concentrated on the various scientific and innovative engineering of the QTR design construction. The Conference was preceded by an 1.5 day Workshop on the Classification, Mapping and Monitoring of Permafrost in Central Asia, attempting to develop a uniform classification system and mapping legend of perma- frost in Central Asia and to uniformly map the permafrost in Central （High）-Middle Asia. Fifteen world leading geocryologists and foremost cold regions engineers were interviewed by the Xinghua News Agency, Science Times and local news media during the ACOP. More than 80 experts inspected the recently completed and operating QTR, and the QTH which have been in operation for more than 40 years. The filed-trip participants lively discussed the innovative permafrost engineering techniques applied by the QTR during the Workshop on Engineering and Environments along the QTH/R on 15 August. It is agreed that the permafrost engineering approaches and techniques are proper and effective, and therefore can ensure the long-term roadbed stability of the QTR. However, the cold regions environmental protection and man agement have a long problematic history; only the timely and comprehensive environmental mitigation and management under a logical legal system and powerful enforcement of environmental acts, stipulations and regulations can attain the objective of a concordant and sustainable development of socioeconomical community and natural ecosystems in the interior of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.