铜铬触头材料的摩擦磨损性能

Tribological behavior of CuCr contact materials

分别采用熔渗法和混粉压烧法制备技术生产出2种铜铬触头材料，其含铜量均为48％～52％，余量为铬。利用销盘式摩擦磨损实验机对这2种技术制备的铜铬材料的摩擦磨损性能进行了比较研究。结果表明：在本实验条件下，同一载荷稳定状态时2种铜铬触头材料的摩擦系数基本相当，约在0．32～0．36之间；随着载荷的增加其摩擦系数略有增加；磨损质量损失随载荷的增加而增大，低载荷时，混粉法制备的铜铬合金具有较低的磨损率，高载荷时熔渗法具有较低的磨损率；低载荷时2种铜铬合金的磨损破坏机制都以粘着和微切削机理为主，高载荷时以磨损表面的片状或颗粒簇剥落为主。

Two kinds of CuCr contact materials have been made by powder metallurgy sintering process and infiltration process with 48%- 52% copper. Their friction and wear properties were studied with help of a pin-disc type wear apparatus. The experiment results showed that their friction coefficients in stable were almost same at the same load, approximately between 0.32 and 0.36. Their friction coefficients slightly increase with wear load up. The load adding will augment their wear mass loss. The mass loss of the CuCr alloy made by powder metallurgy process is relatively low at 20 N load and the loss of that made by infiltration process is relatively low at 40 N load. SEM analysis also shows that the adhesive and microcutting wear are the dominant mechanisms in low loads and the thin feet or particle cluster spalling is the dominant mechanism in high loads.