“禾荔”荔枝果实发育进程与温度条件的关系

Relationship Between Litchi Fruit Growth and Temperature Conditions

通过对同一果园荔枝连续三年的果实发育期物候资料及同期温度等气象资料的对比分析,结果发现不同年份荔枝果实发育期出现早晚及其持续时间的长短差异明显,其差异与发育期间所经历的温度条件有关。花序前积寒量绝对值偏大的年份有利于促进荔枝花芽分化;荔枝进入花序至果肉出现期间,日生长温度偏高的年份果实发育进程加快,发育期间隔天数缩短,反之,日生长温度偏低年份,果实发育进程延缓,发育期间隔天数延长;果肉出现至可采成熟期的间隔天数相对稳定。统计结果还表明荔枝果实发育期间的日生长温度累积值比有效日生长温度累积值更能反映温度条件对荔枝果实发育的影响。

The relationship between Litchi fruit growth process and the meteorological data such as temperature of the same period in continuous 3 years for an orchard is analyzed. The result shows that the time ond length of the fruit growth period vary with various years, and its difference is related with the temperature conditions in the fruit growth duration. The big absolute value of the coldness-accumulated before the bloom will be helpful to promote the flower bud differentiation. The fruit growth process will be accelerated and the bearing fruit stage will be shorter with higher daily growth temperature in the duration from the bud to pulp arise, otherwise, the fruit growth process would be delayed and the stage will be longer. But the days from pulp appearance to the fruit maturity are more stable. The statistic result shows that the accumulated growth temperature could more reflect the temperature influence on litchi fruit growth than effective accumulated growth temperature.