碳酸利多卡因在口腔颌面外科的临床应用研究

Investigation of clinical effects of lidocaine carbonate and lidocaine hydrochloride used in local anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial surgery

目的观察碳酸利多卡因和盐酸利多卡因用于口腔颌面外科局部麻醉的效果。方法200例按照美国麻醉师协会（ASA）分级为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级择期手术患者，随机分为盐酸利多卡因组（A）100例，碳酸利多卡因组（B）100例。分别观察起效时间、阻滞完全时间、首剂量维持时间、阻滞范围、麻醉效果、不良反应及麻醉前后血压、心率、呼吸、心电图（ECG）和血氧饱和度。结果碳酸利多卡因组的起效时间、阻滞完全时间较盐酸利多卡因组明显缩短，首剂量维持时间、阻滞范围无明显差异，但碳酸利多卡因首剂量维持时间有延长趋势。两组麻醉前后的血压、心率、呼吸、ECG和血氧饱和度均无明显变化。无明显不良反应。结论碳酸利多卡因与盐酸利多卡因相比，起效快，阻滞作用强、阻滞完全时间明显缩短，不良反应小。

Objective To investigate the clinical,effects of lidocaine carbonate and lidocaine hydrechloride used in local anesthesia of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods 200 cases （ASAⅠ～Ⅱ, selective operation） were divided randomly into two groups： lidocaine carbonate groupand lidocaine hydrochloride group. Then we observed the on-set time, finishing time and persistent time of the first labor dosage, the range of blockade, the effect of anesthesia, the side-effects and the blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, ECG, and SaO2 before and after anesthesia, respectively. Results rlhe on-set time and finishing time of lidocaine carbonate group were much shorter than those in the lidocaine hydrechloride group, but no obvious differences in the persistent time of the first labor dosage and the range of blockade were observed while the lidocaine carbonate group had a tendency to have a longer persistent time of the first labor dosage, rlhere was no obvious difference in the blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, ECG, SaO2 before and after anesthesia, or no obvious side-effects and adverse reactions were observed. Conclusions Compared with lidocaine hydrochloride, lidocaine carbonate has a shorter on-set time, better anesthesia effects, shorter fmishing time and fewer side-effects.