摘要
目的:通过对1973~2002年常德市居民死因动态进行综合评价和相关的潜在寿命损失年数(YPLL)分析,探讨影响常德市居民平均寿命的主要死因,为控制相关疾病、科学制定卫生决策提供依据。方法:采用全国生命统计软件进行汇总,在1985年以前,基础数据采用年报汇总数据的形式,分级逐级上报汇总;之后,由卫生部超级汇总程序进行数据的审核、汇总和产出,疾病分类采用国际疾病分类ICD—10。本文的数据分析采用SPSS10.0,Excel软件。结果:常德市1973~2002年累计死亡1103233人,年均死亡率为771、20/10万,标化死亡率为648、60/10万,死亡率呈现逐年下降趋势。其中男年均死亡率为760.70/10万,标化死亡率为714、55/10万;女性年均死亡率为670.40/10万,标化死亡率为584.17/10万。30年间累计婴儿死亡平均年婴儿死亡率为29.76‰,其中城市、农村婴儿死亡率分别为27.36‰和31.02‰,2002年与1973相比下降了85.54%;新生儿平均死亡率为15.06‰,其中1973~1975年为31.05‰,到2000~2002年下降至5.08‰。按各大类死因排列,前5位死亡原因依次为:呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、损伤中毒、传染病与寄生虫、肿瘤,其中前3位死因的死亡率分别为185.40/10万,138.31/10万,97,10/10万。但2002年与1973年死因顺位不一致,除呼吸系统疾病仍占据首位外,顺位变化较大的为传染病与寄生虫病由1973年的第2位降为2002年的第6位、肿瘤由第7位上升为第3住。30年间传染病死亡率下降明显(由1973年的211,12/10万下降至2002年的79,31/10万),死因顺位由1973年的第2位下降至2002年的第6位;30年间损伤、中毒粗死亡率(CDR)为97.10/10万,居全死因的第4位。其中,男性为106,56/10万,女性为89.36/10万。1973~2002年常德市居民平均期望寿命67,60岁,其中男性65.93岁,女性69.42岁。该市居民2002年平均期望寿命为74.09岁,其中男72.46岁,女75,87岁;与1973年相比较,男、女性分别提高了12.63岁、11.96岁。在1973~2002年对常德市居民寿命影响最大的是呼吸系统疾病,去除呼吸系统疾病死因后,期望寿命可提高5,92岁,其中男性可提高5,17岁,女性可提高6.60岁。
Objective To discuss the cause of death for residents in Changde and guarantee the evidence for the health decision-making and control of diseases by the use of YPLL analysis and comprehensive evaluation on the dynamic cause of death of residents in Changde from 1973 to 2002. Methods The data is processed by the use of SPSS software package ( version 11.0 ) and EXCEL software (version 2000 ) with the statistic methods of Cause Eliminated Life Table, Life Table, YPLL and etc. Results The average population reached 5 384 519 and the average gender proportion of male and female is 1.12 to 1 in Changed during 1973 - 2002. Since 1973 , total population has risen from 483 to 596 at average annual rate of 7.89 % while the birthrate has decreased from 53.78% in 1973 to 8.39% in 2002. The composition of population in Changde experienced great shift in the past 30 years. The proportion of children (0 - 14) in 2002 declined by 16. 15% compared with that in 1973 and the proportion of elder people has increased by 2.88% compared with that in 1973. The proportion of gender has ranged little by 1973 - 2002 although that of neonatal has ranged greatly. Conclusion The total death number of Changde in 2002 reached 1 103 233 and the mortality rate has sustained decline since 1973. The top 5 causes of death were diseases of respiratory system, circular system, damnification & poisoning, acontagion & schistosomiasis, tumor and etc in 2002 and shifted a lot compared with that in 1973. The average life expectancy of residents in Changde was 67.6 from 1973 to 2002. The average life expectancy of males and females increased 12.63 and 11.93 years in 2002 compared with those in 1972. In the past 30 years, the diseases of respiratory system has greatly influenced the life span of residents in Changde.
出处
《中南大学学报(医学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期952-959,共8页
Journal of Central South University :Medical Science