感性认识与理性认识之间的桥梁——论隐喻的认知功能

Bridge between perceptual and rational knowledge——On cognitive function of metaphor

传统修辞学认为,隐喻是位于词汇层次上的一种对比和意义替换,是对正常语言使用规则的一种偏离。但是随着认知科学的发展,越来越多的研究者开始认识到隐喻不仅是一种语言现象,更是一种认知现象,它是人类认识和表达世界经验的一种普遍方式,是人类认知活动的工具和结果。隐喻是一种抽象的认知方式,它为抽象思维的进行奠定了基础,为感性认识上升为理性认识搭建了桥梁,进而为人类创造性思维活动的进行和认识改造世界打开了大门。

Traditional rhetoric holds that metaphor is lexically a kind of contrast and substitution of meanings, and it is a deviation of the normal rules of language use. But with fast development of cognitive science, increasing researchers begin to realize that metaphor is more than a linguistic phenomenon, but a cognitive phenomenon. Metaphor is a universal method by which human beings can understand and express their experiences of the world, and it is the tool and product of human cognition. Metaphor is an abstract cognitive method which forms the foundations of abstract thinking and it also constructs a bridge between perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge. Moreover, it opens a door for human innovative thinking