借喻借代之争说明了什么

The Struggle of Borrowing Allegory and Borrowing Replacement

横跨两个世纪的借喻与借代的异同之争,掩盖着三个深刻的理论问题：一是比喻的相似性与借代的相关性是事物本身的客观属性,而非语言的属性,体现在思维中,则是一个求“真”的认识论或认知心理学问题,而非语言学问题；二是修辞学的研究客体≠研究对象,二者应有明确的区分；三是修辞内外结构的复杂性决定了辞格层次的复杂性,故应对修辞规律(广义辞格)、方法技巧(对辞格的能动把握)进行清理整顿,以建立有序的类聚系统。

The argument between jieyu and metunymy across two centuries covers three deep theoretical questions. Firstly, the similarity of metaphor and its related metonymy is the objective nature of the object, not the nature of linguistics itself. In the mind it is not a question about linguistics but a theory of knowledge about the truth or a question about cognitive psychology. Secondly, the target of rhetoric studies is not equal with the object. There is a clear distinction between them. Thirdly, the complicate of external and internal aspects of rhetoric decide the complicate of the layer of figure of speech. So we should clean and rectify the rules relating to rhetoric （ generalized figures of speech） and method skill （ active mastery of figures of speech） in order to build an ordered figure of speech system.