矿区煤矸石堆放引起土壤重金属污染研究

Study on heavy metals in soil contaminated by coal waste rock pile

以焦作矿区为例,研究煤矸石长期堆放造成的重金属污染.根据研究区年降雨量,进行室内淋滤模拟实验,以研究煤矸石中重金属的溶出规律;根据地形地貌,从距离市区较近的演马矿煤矸石堆周围呈放射状布置3条采样线,用HC l-HNO3-HF-HC lO3全分解法消解样品和火焰原子吸收光谱仪分析主要有害重金属元素(Pb,Mn,Zn,Cu,Cr,Cd).研究表明:煤矸石淋滤液中的Zn和Mn浓度最高,并很快稳定;土壤中的Zn和Mn也最高,且浓度高许多倍.说明煤矸石中重金属淋出具有长期性,矿区土壤对重金属具有富集性和迁移性.

Based on local annual precipitation rain fall, leaching experiment was carried out. According to local landform, three sampling lines were disposed around Yanma coal waste pile. The samples were digested with HC1 - HNO3 -HF - HC103 digesting method, and heavy metals were measured by flame atom absorption spectrometry method. The results show that Zn and Mn concentrations are most in leachate, and the concentration became stabi- lization rapidly; Zn and Mn concentrations are also most in soil and are times than in leaehate. The process that heavy metal is leached out is a long time, and heavy metal could be migrated and cumulated.