三峡水库135m蓄水前后水体重金属环境健康风险评价

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in water body of the Three Gorges Reservoir before and after the water level reached 135 meters

三峡水库135m蓄水后,水体中各重金属的单因子污染指数和Nemerow综合污染指数均有不同程度的增大,特别是Pb污染应该引起重视。健康风险评价结果表明,成库前后非致癌有毒化学物质(Hg、Pb和Cu)所引起的健康危害的个人年风险为Pb>Cu>Hg,致癌物质对人体健康危害的个人年风险均大于非致癌物。各类污染物所致个人平均健康危害成库前后均低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的标准,为可接受水平。

After the water level reached 135 meters, the single gene assessment indexes and Nemerow pollution indexes had augment trends. The Pb pollution should arouse regards especially. The results of health risk assessment indicated the health risk of the chemical noncarcinogens （Hg, Pb and Cu） was Pb〉Cu〉 Hg, and it were lower than the chemical carcinogens before and after the water level reached 135 meters. The average risk due to the four heavy metals was much lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP.