中印经济发展模式的比较:相似的原理与不同的方法

A Comparison of Economic Development Patterns of China and lndia:Similar Principles and Different Methods

在过去的10多年中,中国和印度两国经济高速增长,这正在改变着世界经济的格局,并引起世界各国的极大关注。中印两个文明古国在长期停滞后重新实现经济增长,证明了市场化对经济发展的作用,为世界经济的增长提供了动力,有利于世界消除贫困、控制人口,因而有着多方面的世界意义。由于制度环境和初始条件不同,中印两国的发展模式也不同,这表现在市场化路径、开放模式和增长道路的差异。为了实现经济的持续发展,中印两国都面临着挑战。两国共同的问题是坚持通过创造财富来消灭贫困而不要搞平均主义。中国还需要深化以农民土地所有权、国有企业所有权和私人财产所有权为重点的产权改革,印度则需要改革其限制社会流动、压抑经济活力和削弱人力资本投资的种姓制度。

In the last ten years, the high speed economic increases of China and India have changed the structure of world economy and called high attention of the whole world. It proves market economy can eliminate poverty, controls population and brings impetus to the world economy. Because of the different instutions and original conditions, China and India have different development patterns, which include market approaches, opening out models and increasing ways. In order to maintain the economic increase, China and India should cling to rooting out poverty through wealth production instead of equal-sharing. Moreover, China should deep its property reform while India needs to abolish its backward caste system.