《文选》音乐赋类名与萧统音乐观探析

On the Classification of Musical Fu in Wenxuan and Xiao Tong's View on Music

古人对“音乐”概念的理解有广义、狭义之分,萧统对《文选》“音乐”赋的分类采用的是广义的理解,他的这种理解是受《礼记》和《周礼》的影响。萧统的音乐观,从微观上看,他对音乐有微词;从宏观上看,他是很重视音乐的。他积极的音乐观表现在:重视音乐的教化功能,注意音乐的娱乐养志作用,好尚“清音”。《文选》为音乐赋立类的原因主要有三点:一是与萧统对乐与礼的关系和功能的认识有关,二是与乐舞繁盛的历史、现实及乐舞赋的大量出现有关,三是受汉晋音乐类赋归类评论的影响。

Ancient people understood ＂music＂ in both broad and narrow senses. Xiao Tong＇s classification of ＂musical＂ fu in Wenxuan is derived from his understanding of ＂music＂ in broad sense, which was influenced by Liji and Zhouli. From the micro-perspective, Xiao Tong＇s view on music showed that he was prejudiced though in a veiled manner against music; from the macro-perspective, he attached much importance to music. His positive view on music lies in the fact that he attached importance to the educational function of music, emphasized the recreational and cultivating function of music and was fond of ＂fresh music＂. There are mainly three reasons for the compilers of Wenxuan to give a classification of music： 1. It is related with Xiao Tong＇s understanding of the function of music and the relationship between music and li; 2. It is related with the history and reality of the flourish of music and dance, and with the flourish of music and dance fu; 3. It is influenced by the commentary of the classification of the music fu during Han and Jin dynasties.