1758～1759年清军破黑水营之围探因

Exporing the Causes of Qing Army's Breaking Through the Encirclement of Black Water Camp in A. D. 1758～1759

公元1758～1759年,清军在叶尔羌城外破黑水营之围进而取得平定大小和卓木叛乱的胜利,前人或认为出于"天意神助",或认为"夸饰不实",或认为"语近神奇"。实际上,清军破黑水营之围及取得平叛战争胜利的原因,是在各族人民的支援、乾隆的正确指挥下,清军将士利用天时、地利、人和的有利条件英勇奋战的结果。清代原始史料的记载基本属实。

In A. D. 1758-1759 the Qing army broke through the encirclement of the Black Water Camp outside the city of Yeerqiang, and then achievedthe victory of suppressing the rebellion of Boluonidu and Huojizhan brothers. Some scholars regard the victory as one ＂helped by God＂, some think that ＂it is grandiloquent and unreal＂, others think that ＂the depiction is virtually magical＂. On the basis of a great number of historical data and field work, the present author thinks that the victory was the result of the support of all nationalities, the correct command by Emperor Qianlong and the Qing generals and soldiers＇ taking advantages of the favorable conditions and fighting bravely. The original record of the Qing Dynasty is basically true to facts.