广州市售油漆铅含量检测结果与分析

Another Potential Cause for Children Lead Poisoning:A Sample Survey of Paint Lead in Guangzhou

为了解广州市场销售油漆铅含量,评估儿童油漆铅暴露的危险性,给有关部门实施油漆产品监管提供依据,对广州地区销售的油漆进行了抽查,样品经前处理后用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测其中的总铅和可溶性铅。结果表明,抽检的50个样本有30个可溶性铅超标,超标率为60%,最高铅含量22 700 mg/kg,高于限量252倍;36个样本总铅超标,超标率为72%,最高为153 000mg/kg,高于限量255倍;11个生产工厂有5间工厂生产的共24个产品可溶性铅和总铅全部超标,只有2间工厂共4个产品可溶性铅和总铅全部合格;由规模较小乡镇小厂和由大型的集团企业生产的油漆产品铅含量并没有明显差别;绿色、黄色和红色是铅含量较高的颜色;另抽查23个油漆调色色精、色粉和色浆,其中2个铅超标。可见广州市售油漆存在严重的铅污染,主要原因是生产过程中滥用含铅原料,职能部门应尽快落实相关标准法规,加强市场准入的监管,禁止高铅油漆的流通和使用,减少儿童日常生活中的铅暴露,防止铅中毒的发生。

To understand the lead level in paints on sale in Guangzhou and value the exposure risk of paints lead for children, all kind ofpaints found in Guangzhou markets were examined by FAAS. The dissoluble lead was evaluated with Chinese National Standards and the total lead was evaluated with American Consumer Product Safety Act （CPSA） standards. The results showed that among 50 samples, 30 with dissoluble lead were higher than 90 mg/kg, not up to the standard rate of 60% （the highest 22 700 mg/kg, 252 times higher）, 36 with total lead higher than 600 mg/kg, not up to the standard rate was 72% （the highest 153 000 mg/kg, 255 times higher）. Among 11 manufactures, 5 with 24 breeds examined produced no eligible product, only 2 with 4 breeds examined with all eligible product. No lead level or not up to the standard rate werenot difference between the product of small countlyside factory and big enterprise. Green, yellow and red samples had more lead than other colors. In addition, 23 coloring stuff were examined and 2 contained high lead. It concluded lead contamination in paints on sale in Guangzhou markets was striking and that maybe another important source for children lead poisoning after petrol lead. To prevent children from lead poisoning and promote health, this situation should be taken seriously.