不同空间尺度下的土壤侵蚀模型研究进展

Review of soil erosion model at different spatial scales

土壤侵蚀模型的研究在于预报水土流失、侵蚀产沙量以及非点源污染的时空分布与变化,指导水土保持措施的配置.综述了国内外基于坡面、流域和区域3个不同空间尺度的侵蚀模型,从模型结构、功能、优缺点等方面对模型进行了简要分析;从经验模型和物理过程模型的分类角度,分别比较分析了不同尺度模型的特点,并对发展趋势予以展望.

Soil erosion model can be used to predict soil loss and estimate sediment yield, thus to guide the installation of conservation practices. As a result of the increasing awareness of erosion-related environmental problems, especially nonpoint source pollution, soil erosion model attracts heightened attention ever before. This paper summarized soil erosion models at hillslope, watershed and regional scales, demonstrated the structure and function, discussed the advantages and weak points of each model, and, analyzed the characteristics of models at different spatial scales based on the category of empirical model and physical model, finally, prospected the trend of model development.