基于生态足迹的自然保护区生态承载力评估——以鹞落坪国家级自然保护区为例

The assessment of ecological carrying capacity in Nature Reserve based on ecological footprint model——A case of Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve

在生态足迹分析中,区分消费型生态足迹和生产型生态足迹,生产型生态足迹又区分区域实际使用的和用于外部消费的生态足迹,提出区分总生态承载力和可利用生态承载力的概念和计算方法,为生态足迹分析方法应用于自然保护区等小范围地域的生态承载力和可持续发展研究提供了新的概念和方法框架.以鹞落坪国家级自然保护区为案例区,应用生态足迹方法计算其已利用的生态承载力、可利用的生态承载力和总生态承载力,通过比较生态承载力与区内实际生产型生态足迹,目前保护区生态承载力总体上处于生态盈余状态,但经济发展与居民生活对林、农等自然资源的依赖性很强,产业层次较低,对经济、社会、环境长期可持续发展产生不利影响.

In this paper we put forward the necessity to distinguish the concepts between consumptive and productive ecological footprint, between the internal and external ecological footprint, between the total ecological carrying capacity and the capacity that available. We calculate the internal productive ecological footprint and the ecological capacity that available through applying the ecological footprint model. This paper applies the ecological footprint method to calculate the used, the available and the total ecological carrying capacity as the case of Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve. We put forward the productive ecological carrying capacity in YNNR is more or less than the productive ecological footprint. In general, the Nature Reserve is in a state of ecological surplus, but the economical development and the inhabitants living rely much on the natural resources such as forest and the agriculture.