城市用户群用水自律的心理分析与对策

Counterm easures and Psychological Analysis on the Self-Discipline in Water Use by Municipal Water User Groups

通过博弈分析得出个体理性会引起集体非理性,陷入“囚徒困境”,无法达到水资源利用的最佳状态。任何规章制度都不可能完全克服用水的“囚徒困境”,最终的解决途径只能是采取自律模式———C模式,也就是用水者自我约束、自觉节水。对城市用户群的节水问题进行心理层面的剖析,从心理根源上挖掘城市用户群及其所含个体的用水行为特点,提出相应的对策措施,促使用户形成自律行为,以达到建设节水型社会的目的。

It was obtained that the individual rationality can cause the collective non-rationality through the gambling analysis. Convicting difficult position,the optimum condition to use the water resources is unable to achieve. Any outside rules and regulations is impossible to overcome＂ the convict difficult position＂ -the water used completely. Therefore ,the final way to solve the situation only can adopts the autonomy pattern - C pattern, namely the water user is self - restraint and aware saving water. Carrying on the psychological stratification group, excavating behavior characteristic of the city user group from measure measure was proposed to urge the user to form the autonomy analysis to the saving water question of city user the psychological root, the corresponding counte behavior in order to achieves the goal of constructing water-preservation society.