360°棱镜的结构性能及定位精度分析

The Structure Property and Position Precision of 360° Prism

介绍了徕卡360°棱镜定位原理和结构特点,对该棱镜的性能指标(主要是棱镜的定位精度)进行了全面、系统的测试;给出了该棱镜定位精度的主要误差来源及其误差的大小和性质。首次发现徕卡360°棱镜的上棱镜面和上棱镜面的反射中心不一致,在垂直方向上存在5 mm的定位互差。分析了该棱镜偏转对棱镜定位精度的影响以及定位误差的变化规律,并给出其变化的原因。这为该棱镜的应用场合和使用方法提供了参考依据。建议在测量中尽可能地观测该棱镜的正对同一棱镜面,以避免不同棱镜面定位差别和棱镜偏转带来的影响。

After describing the position principle, structure and the index of 360° prism, the position precision of this prism including the error resources, error magnitude and its characteristic was presented in this paper. 5 mm position difference for position between the upper faces and the below faces of this prism was found out at the first time; and the effects caused by the prism turning was also presented at the first time. All that provided the basis for this prism＇s application and its method for using correctly. In order to avoid the effect and position difference for this prism, it suggested that the prism should be orthogonal to the collimation axis of telescope in the same face.