黏膜相关淋巴样组织淋巴瘤分子遗传学研究进展

Progress on the study of molecular genetics of MALT lymphomas

近年来对黏膜相关淋巴样组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的研究主要集中在基因和染色体异常。除早期发现的t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1融合基因外,还发现t(1;14)(p22;q32)/BCL10-IgH或t(1;2)(p22;p12)/BCL10-IgLκ;t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IgH-MALT1;t(3;14)(p14.1;q32)/FOXP1-IgH以及BCL6基因异常。另外,对MALT淋巴瘤和由此转化的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的关系也逐渐明确,发现了独特的或二者相互重叠的基因异常。这些分子遗传学的研究,有助于了解MALT淋巴瘤的发病机制,也有助于早期诊断和合理治疗。

In recent years, the research on MALT lymphomas mainly focused on its genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. Except for well-known t（11;18）（q21;q21）, researchers also found some novel chromosomal transloeation, such as t（1;14）（p22;q32）or t（1;2）（p22;p12）, t（14;18） （q32;q21） and t（3;14） （p14.1;q32）. Bcl-6 gene translocation or amplification was also found in some MALT lymphoma cases. Some common or unique genetic abnormalities between diffuse large B cell lymphomas （DLBCL） and MALT lymphomas proved their mutual connection and progression. Those molecular abnormalities would be helpful for understanding MALT lymphoma genesis, also useful for diagnosis on early stage and proper treatment.