关帝山华北落叶松林大型土壤动物多样性的研究

Study on Diversity of Maro-animal Community in Larix principis-rupprechtii Forest in Guandi Mountain

2005年6至10月对关帝山华北落叶松人工林和天然林土壤动物进行了分层取样、分离。共获动物10 282头,隶属4门8纲18目44类。隐翅甲(S taphy lin idae)占总捕获量的比例最大,为16.2%,为优势类群;常见类群的数目占总类群数目的54%多,常见类群的个体数量占了总捕获量的77.2%;在关帝山油松天然林和人工林中大型土壤动物的群落数目相同,多样性指数和均匀性指数非常接近;只是天然林的大型土壤动物的个体数、多样性指数和均匀性指数略高于人工林的,优势度指数却小于人工林的。关帝山油松林大型土壤动物多样性从6月到8月是逐渐升高的,8月达到最高,随后又下降。在天然林中大型土壤动物多样性在各个月份中高于相应的人工林。

Soil-animal in Larix principis rupprechtii forest in Pang Quangou of Shanxi Province, was investigated from June to October, samples in different layers, the macrofaunas were taken by hands, the smaller were separated by Tullgren. 10282 individuals were collected, which belonged to 4 phyla, 8 classes, 18 orders and 44 genera. The dominant genera were Arcarina, Collembola. The common genera were Coloptera, Lepidoptera ,Diptera （L）, Geophiomorpha, Oligchaeta and so on. The research and comparison showed the numbers of groups and individuals in natural forest were greater, and the diversity was higher than in parallelism man-made forest ; the diversity was declining with the altitude increasing. The ratio of individual of groups in withered and fallen layer was increasing with altitude increasing, but the results in another layer were opposite, and the vertical distribution of soil animals showed obvious surface assembly phenomenon. The numbers of groups and individual in June and August were greater than that in another month, and the diversity in August was highest.