明清小说叙事与狂欢化

On Narration and Carnivalization in Fiction of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

用巴赫金的狂欢诗学来审视明清时期的小说,明代由于哲学领域中心学平民化和通俗化的影响,小说叙事的狂欢化是这一时期文学作品的基本品格。从分析《水浒传》、《金瓶梅》、《红楼梦》等几部作品入手,揭示了文学狂欢化的演进过程。明清小说叙事渐渐摆脱历史理性的约束,通过作家思维的狂欢化、小说体裁的狂欢、作品世界的狂欢,把小说叙事推向了古典文学的巅峰。借助狂欢化诗学,找到了另一个重新审视明清小说叙事的独特视角。

The paper uses the poetics of carnivalization to analyze novels written during the Ming and Qing dynasties. As the philosophy-centered doctrine grew common and popular, the fictional narration came to carnivalize itself and became a major characteristic of its time. Based on the analysis of such works as A Tale of the Water Margin, Jin Ping Mei, and A Dream of Red Mansio, the article discusses the process of this literary carnivalization. Meanwhile, it illustrates how the narration of Ming-novels freed itself from historical rationalism to reach heights of classical literature in Chinese literary history by means of this carnivalization of the writers＇the thinking ways, of the novel genres and of the fictional world in the texts.