前额叶损伤患者基于事件和基于时间的前瞻性记忆损害

Event-and time-based prospective memory impairment in patient with lesion in prefrontal cortex

目的探讨前额叶(PFC)损伤患者基于事件的前瞻性记忆(EBPM)和基于时间的前瞻性记忆(TBPM)的损害情况,验证PFC参与前瞻性记忆神经机制的假说。方法建立前瞻性记忆的神经心理学测验方法,测试年龄、教育程度相匹配的30名健康人和30例前额叶损伤患者的EBPM和TBPM。结果与健康对照组[EBPM(6.00±1.91)分;TBPM(5.30±0.92)分]相比,前额叶损伤组的EBPM[(1.47±1.07)分]差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而TBPM[(4.77±1.17)分]的差异却无统计学意义(P>0.05)。左右侧PFC损伤组的EBPM[(1.40±1.12)、(1.64±1.01)分]和TBPM[(4.60±1.06)、(4.86±1.29)分]的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论前额叶损伤患者的EBPM存在损害,而TBPM却相对正常,这说明EBPM和TBPM可能有着不同的脑机制。相对于TBPM,前额叶可能更多地参与了EBPM的认知加工。

Objective To investigate the event-based prospective memory （EBPM） and time-based prospective memory （TBPM） in patient with lesion in prefrontal cortex （PFC）, and test the hypothesis that prefrontal cortex is involved in the PM network. Methods Thirty patients with lesion in prefrontal cortex and 30 age- and education-level-matched healthy adults were performed with a neuropsychological battery of tests including EBPM and TBPM tasks. Results Compared with the healthy adults （EBPM, 6. 00 ± 1.91 ; TBPM, 5.30 ± 0. 92）, the patients with lesion in prefrontal cortex had a significant loss in EBPM （ 1.47 ± 1.07, P〈0.01）,but a insignificant impairment in TBPM （4.77 ±1.17, P 〉0.05）.There was no difference in performance of EBPM （ 1.40 ± 1.12,1.64 ± 1.01 ） and TBPM （4. 60 ± 1.06,4. 86 ± 1.29） between the left PFC and the right PFC. Conclusions These results suggest that the patients with lesion in PFC have an impairment in EBPM, but not in TBPM. This finding indicates that EBPM and TBPM may have different neural substrates. It is possible that prefrontal lobe is selectively involved in EBPM, but less involved in TBPM.