城市活断层探测信息系统的设计与实现——以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT AN URBAN ACTIVE FAULT INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

以福州市活断层信息管理系统为例,提出了城市活断层探测信息系统建设的目标,分析了以GIS技术为支持的、面向对象的设计方法及系统结构与功能。系统在局域网内采用C/S模式,在广域网中采用B/S模式,具有用户界面、应用程序和基础数据的3层结构。探测成果数据库按照分类、分层存贮,按专题组织查询的方式管理。城市活断层探测信息管理系统以活断层探测成果数据库为基础,空间分析为支撑,集地质、地球物理、地球化学、综合查询及专题分析应用为一体,具备活断层探测及分析研究成果分类与综合查询、展示、分析等功能,这一系统的建立可为活断层研究的定量化提供坚实的数据基础与技术平台,为城市规划、土地利用等防震减灾工作的开展提供科学依据。

Urban earthquake disaster is mainly fault database on active fault location, community effectively reduce earthquake caused by abrupt rupturing slip rates, and earthquake losses, protect against loss of active fault. The seismic active recurrence intervals can help the of life and damage to property. In United States, New Zealand and other countries, some active fault databases have been built and they provide users with full and open information. In China, the first active tectonics database was built in early 1996. Nowadays, the development of urban active fault exploration makes it possible and necessary to construct an urban active fault information management system （UAFIMS）. The UAFIMS aims to construct the basic databases of seismic active faults and their associated hazards as well as the GIS of seismic active fault hazards by utilizing high-performance computer and with the combination of the integrated secondary development of various commercial software. The databases and GIS will be used for urban planning and land use, major project siting, fortification against earthquake, architecture protection, rapid assessment of disaster, government decisionmaking, and the emergency relief during earthquake by the command departments. We adopt the object-oriented design ideas and method to devise the system, using prototype model for development and object-oriented software technology in VB to invoke ArcGIS background Arc-Objects components library for the integrated secondary development . The system uses C/S model in the LAN and B/S model in the WAN. It has a three-tier structure including user interface, applications and database. The database of exploration results of urban active faults is managed by the ways of classification, tiered storage and thematic organization enquiry, which contains the basic geographic information, geochemical exploration results, electromagnetic sounding data, ground-probing radar sounding data, shallow seismic reflection, deep seismic sounding profiles, as well as drilling data. As a spatial multimedia entity database for data integration, it is a collection of spatial geographical information, image information, text information and data information, and etc. Catering to the needs of results of major fault exploration and seismic hazard assessment projects, the system is designed with the concept of sufficiently displaying the various exploration results and being convenient for users to use and inquire. The application layer can be divided into three types of functions, that is, result displaying and consulting module, professional data analysis and calculation module, and system maintenance module. The system provides users with professional usage habits and simple graphical, interface operation, and takes into account, as much as possible, the coordination of system interface to both the local area network and the wide area network. Based on the database of the urban active faults, and supported from spatial analysis, the UAFIMS incorporates geological, geophysical and geochemical data, and comprehensive enquiries and thematic analysis together, and possesses the functions of classification, inquiry, display and analysis, and etc. of the results of active fault exploration and interpretation. The fulfillment of the system provides a solid foundation and technological platform for the quantitative study of active faults, and it also offers scientific basis for urban planning and earthquake disaster reduction.