心肌带解剖结构的实验研究

Empirical study of the anatomic structure of ventricular myocardial band

目的解剖不同种属煮熟的心脏,研究心肌带结构的普遍性和一致性。方法65个不同种属的心脏,分为猪心组(15个)、牛心组(10个)、羊心组(10个)、兔心组(20个)和鼠心组(10个)共5组。不同种属的心脏按不同时间煮熟后,以Torrent-Guasp等人所描述的解剖方法进行解剖。使心肌带整体处于自然伸展状态下拍照测量心肌带各段的长度,并将心肌带切断,为各段分别测量重量。结果按照相对固定的解剖方法,各组的心脏均可解剖为一个完整的心肌带,包括2个环和4个段;各组心肌带各段占整体的长度、重量百分比差异无统计学意义(P值均大于0·05);各组中均是升段的长度百分比最大(P<0·05),降段的重量百分比最大(P<0·05)。结论心肌带结构在不同种属的心脏中具有一致性,确实是一个普遍存在的基本心肌结构,对临床工作具有指导意义。

Objective By dissected the boiled hearts of different species to study the universality, regularity and reality of the theory of ventricular myocardial band of the normal heart architecture. Methods Seventy five different species hearts were studied, including 15 swine hearts, 10 ox hearts, 10 sheep hearts, 20 rabbit hearts and 10 rat hearts. After boiled in different time according to different species, the hearts were dissected as described by Torrent-Guasp. All myocardial bands were photographed at nature state for testing the length of different segment and then were cut down to test the weight of different segmnt. Results With relative stabile anatomy methods, all hearts presented as a unique integrate myocardial band, with two loops, the basic loop and apical loop, and four segments, the right segment, left segment, descending segment and ascending segment. There＇s no significant difference of the length percentage and weight percentage of different segment in different species hearts （ P 〉 0.05）. The length percentage of the ascending segment and the weight cf the descending segment were greater than other segment in all hearts. The myocardial band twists on itself extends from the origin of the pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta. This defines two turns in a helical fashion and delimitates two cavities, the right and left ventricles. Conclusion Our study shows that the concept of ventricular myocardial band is a truly basic architecture of the heart.