饲料色、香、味对奶牛生产性能的影响

The Effects of the Color,Fragrance,Flavor of Feed on the Productivity of Dairy Cow

试验选用泌乳后期,年龄、胎次、泌乳量、体况标准和采食量相近的50头健康荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物。将奶牛随机分为5组(n=10):组间体重、产奶量、体况评分、麦草采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果显示:用甜味剂和绿色剂处理的两组,麦草采食量比对照组分别提高11.38%,7.08%,差异显著(P<0.05)。草香组和果味剂组麦草平均采食量与对照组比没有提高,差异不显著(P>0.05)。甜味剂组、草香剂组、对照组、绿色剂组和果味剂组产奶量分别降低了21.30%,19.24%,26.80%,17.60%,26.71%。甜味剂组、草香剂组和绿色剂组对试验奶牛的产奶量的降低相对对照组有一定的缓冲作用,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。第1天,第15天,第30天采样检测乳脂率,各组间差异不显著(P>0.05),甜味剂组,草香剂组和果味剂组第30天采样乳脂率相对第1天的乳脂率都有上升的趋势,分别上升16.72%,11.70%,9.68%。每次采样各组间乳蛋白检测结果差异不显著(P>0.05),第30天的相对第1天的乳蛋白分别下降了12.46%,12.46%,11.88%,12.85%,3.19%。甜味剂处理和绿色剂处理对奶牛的体重和体况作用效果都有较好改善趋势,但各组间体重和体况评分差异都不显著(P>0.05)。

Fifty sound Holstein cows in back lactation were selected and divided into five groups randomly in pairing with milking yield, ages and feed intake （ P〉0.05）. The result indicated： the average hay accession with sweet and green flavor groups were higher by 11.38%, 7.08%, which was significantly different from （ P〈0.05） the control group, which was not appended and feted flavor. The average hay accession of grass flavor group and apple flavor group were not heightened for control group （ P 〉0.05）. The milk yield of sweet flavor group, grass flavor group, control group, green flavor group and apple flavor group was reduced by 21.30%,19.24%,26.80%,17.60%,26.71% respectively. The sweet flavor, grass flavor, green flavor have amortizing effect during back lactation on the falling of milk yield, but it had not significant difference （ P 〉0.05）. The milk fat percentage sampled from 1st, 15th,30th day had not significant difference （ P 〉0.05）, The 30th milk fat percentage of sweet flavor group , grass flavor group and apple flavor group was increased by 16.72 %, 11.70%, 9.68 % respectively. Each sampled milk protein percentage had not significant difference （ P 〉0.05） among the every group. The 30th milk pro teinpercentage fell by 12.46%,12.46%,11.88%,12. 85%,3. 19% respectively. The sweet flavor and green flavor had good effect on dairy cow weight and body condition, but the weight and body condition scoring of each group had not significant difference （ P 〉0.05）.