“凯末尔主义”与“泛突厥主义”关系探析

泛突厥主义是奥斯曼帝国末期产生的重要社会思潮和意识形态。土耳其共和国建立后,民族主义者以凯末尔主义思想作为立国基础,反对泛突厥主义。但是在人员、组织和思想等方面,凯末尔主义仍与泛突厥主义保持了较多联系,客观上为泛突厥主义在土耳其的长期存在提供了方便,并使土耳其的对外政策表现出一定的泛突厥主义特征。凯末尔主义和泛突厥主义之间的内在联系是由民族主义的性质决定的。认清这种联系,有利于加深对凯末尔主义以及当代土耳其内政、外交的了解与认识。

Pan - Turkism is the important social wave and ideology emerging from the end of the Ottoman Empire. After the founding of the Turkish Republic, nationalists opposed to Pan - Turkism while taking Turkish nationalism as the founding base. However, Turkish nationalism has been still more or less related to Pan - Turkism in terms of personnel, organization and ideology, which actually facilitates the long existence of Pan- Turkism in Turkey and embodies Turkish foreign policies some characteristics of Pan -Turkism. Knowing that the inner relations between Turkish nationalism and Pan - Turkism are determined by the nature of nationalism will help us better understand Turkish nationalism and Turkish contemporary internal and external policies.