《围城》比喻特色谈

A Random Talk of the Features of Comparisons in Circling the City

本文利用具体实例从六个方面分析鉴赏《围城》比喻特色:一、以虚喻实;二、远距殊异设喻;三、书卷气;四、铺垫与点拨;五、喻中有喻;六、多格合用。有人统计过《围城》中共用了七百多条比喻,可以说《围城》中的比喻俯拾皆是。这些令人眼花缭乱,目不暇接的比喻非但没有让读者产生重复、累赘之感,反而显现出千姿百态争奇斗艳的艺术效果。可以毫不夸张地说,比喻是形成《围城》幽默讽刺风格最重要的手段之一。《围城》比喻手法的新颖独特源于作者的聪慧与渊博,源于作者对比喻精髓的深刻认识。

With the help of illustrations, this paper, starting from six aspects, intends to analyze and appreciate the comparative features in Circling the City. According to incomplete statistics, more than 700 comparisons were used in Circling the City. Comparisons can be found nearly in every comer of the book. However, they have not given the readers an impression of tautology and tediousness though they are dazzling in number. On the contrary, they appear to be in different poses and with different expressions, competing with each other for beauty of looks, So it is quite certain to say that comparison is one of the most important artistic mode in Circling the City to form humor and satire. The paper points out that the novelty and peculiarity of comparisons came not only from the author＇ s intelligence and profound erudition, but from his deep understanding of the quintessence of comparisons.