长白山区沟谷乌拉苔草(Carex.meyeriana)沼泽湿地水文物理效应

The Hydrologic-physical effects of Carex meyeriana in the Changbai Mountain valley

通过对长白山区沟谷乌拉苔草（C.meyeriana）沼泽湿地和三江平原乌拉苔草沼泽湿地土壤物理性质和乌拉苔草根系生物量的测定，对水文物理效应进行了分析，结果表明：长白山区沟谷乌拉苔草沼泽湿地的土壤孔隙度小于三汀平原乌拉苔草沼泽湿地，容重和体积质量则高于三江平原乌拉苔草沼泽湿地。土壤蓄水能力低于三江平原乌拉苔草沼泽湿地；乌拉苔草发达的根系具有强大的蓄水能力．尤以根鞘的蓄水能力最强，蓄水可以占鲜质量的91．1％-93．72％，比根系蓄水能力高出2．54％-33．94％。由此得知乌拉苔草沼泽湿地的具有巨大的蓄水能力。是天然的水调节器。通过分析可知其水文物理过程对沼泽湿地对其上游河流具有调节作用，同时还可以保存上游河流生物多样性，以及严重的影响着水面以下化学过程的发生。

The root biomass and hydrologic-physical effects of Carex meyeriana in the Changbai Mountain Valley and Sanjiang Plain were studied. Comparing with the same vegetation in the Sanjiang Plain, the soil porosity in the Changbai Mountain is lower, the bulk weight and volumetric mass are higher, the water holding capacity, however, is lower. The flourishing roots take the responsibility of the higher water holding capacity of Carex meyeriana. The epithelial sheath has higher water holding capacity with 91.1%-93.72%, 2.54%-33.94% higher than that of root. The hydrologic-physical effects of wetland could regulate the flow, maintain the upstream biodiversity, and even influence the chemical reactions underwater.