影响香港运动员在重大国际比赛中运动表现的因素研究

Study on Variables Influencing Hong Kong Athletes’ Sport Performance at International Major Competition

采用问卷调查方法对影响香港运动员在第14届亚运会与第28届奥运会比赛中运动表现的因素进行调查。被试为50名参加这两次比赛的香港运动员。研究表明,在亚运会与奥运会比赛前90天内,共有18条因素对运动员的比赛运动表现有影响,其中,12条对运动员奥运会比赛中的运动表现有强烈影响,8条对运动员亚运会比赛中的运动表现有强烈影响;在亚运会与奥运会比赛期间,共66条因素对运动员比赛中的运动表现有影响,其中,36条对运动员奥运会上的运动表现有强烈影响,23条对运动员亚运会上的运动表现有强烈影响,这66条因素主要可以概括为与比赛直接相关的因素、教练员、团体、传媒、社会支持、代表团职员、环境、时间、交通、天气、比赛用具和观众12个大类因素。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific variables perceived influencing Hong Kong athletes＇ performance at the 2002 Asian Games and the 2004 Olympic Games through using the method of questionnaire. Subjects included fifty Asian Games participated athletes and twenty-five Olympic Games participated athletes. The result showed that 18 variables were identified to have influences to athletes＇ performance within 90 days prior to both the Asian Games and the Olympic Games. Amongst the 18 variables, 12 showed strong effects on athletes＇ performance at the Olympic Games,whereas 8 showed strong effects on athletes ＇ performance at the Asian Games. During the Asian Games and the Olympic Games, there was total 66 variables were identified to have influences to athletes＇ performance at the Games, of which, 23 showed strong effects on athletes ＇ performance at the Asian Games, whereas 36 showed strong effects on athletes ＇ performance at the Olympic Games. These variables could be grouped into 12 categories, namely, performance, coaching, team, media, social support, staffing ,environment, timing, transportation, weather ,equipment, and spectators.