基于交叉羟醛缩合反应的多元醇类化合物的研究进展

Progress in Synthesis of Polyhydric Alcohols Based on Cross-Aldol Condensation

对季戊四醇、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、新戊二醇等基于交叉羟醛缩合反应的多元醇类化合物的合成进行对比研究。此类化合物合成的第一步反应均是基于交叉羟醛缩合反应,同时又根据所用碱性催化剂的不同分为钙法、钠法和混合碱法等;而第二步各中间体醛的还原又分为康尼查罗法和催化加氢法。由于催化加氢法具有对环境友好等优点,有逐步取代康尼查罗法的趋势。

The comparative investigation of synthesizing the polyhydric alcohols, such as pentaerythritol, pentaglycerine, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol and so on are conducted, these compounds are all based on the reaction of crossaldol condensation. The first step of synthesis for these compounds arc all based on cross-aldol condensation, and can be also divided into calcium method, sodium method and mixed alkali method namely due to the different alkaline catalysta used in the reaction. The second step of reduction of intermediate aldehydes can also be divided into Cannizarro ＇ s reaction and catalytic hydrogenation. The situation is tending towards replacement of Cannizarro＇ s reaction with catalytic hydrogenation progressively because it is environmental friendly.