论农村宅基地使用权制度

On the System of the Right to Use the Rural Residential Bases and Its Improvement

农村宅基地使用权是我国特有的一项独立的用益物权,是农村居民在依法取得的集体经济组织所有的宅基地上建造房屋及其附属设施,并对宅基地进行占有、使用和有限制处分的权利。它具有严格的身份性、无偿使用性、永久使用性、从属性及范围的严格限制性等特点。其取得方式有原始取得与继受取得,消灭形式有绝对消灭与相对消灭。农村宅基地使用权人享有权利并负担义务。我国农村宅基地使用权制度存在许多缺陷,亟待完善。

The fight to use the rural residential bases is a special and independent usufruct in our country. It is a right that rural residents make buildings and ancillary facilities, and possess, use and restrictedly dispase the bases that the rural residents legaliy get from the collective economic organizations. The characteristics of it are restricted of identity nature, using for free, using forever, dependency and range being strict, and so on. The ways to get it are original form and successive form; the ways to abolish it are absolute form and relative form. The righter has rights and burden obligations. The system of the right to use the rural residential bases in China has many deficiencies, which needs improved.