学校口腔健康教育项目的3年效果评价

A three-year evaluation of the effectiveness of the school-based oral health education programme

目的评价以学校为基础的口腔健康教育项目对武汉市学校儿童、母亲和教师口腔健康的促进作用。方法随机选择武汉市洪山区6所小学(3所试验组,3所对照组)参加WHO以学校为基础的3年口腔健康教育项目。使用SPSS/PC+作统计分析,两组间均数的比较采用独立样本的t检验,采用χ2检验评价不同的比例变化。结果试验组儿童的乳恒牙充填(f/F)构成比显著高于对照组(P<0.01),牙龈出血指数与对照组相比显著降低。试验组中,每天至少刷牙2次的儿童比例增加26%,而对照组增加19%(P<0.05);拜访牙医的次数增加的儿童比例高于对照组儿童(P<0.01)。试验组中,母亲每周帮助孩子清洁牙的比例显著增高(P<0.01)。结论口腔健康教育项目对儿童的牙龈健康状况、口腔健康行为以及母亲和教师的口腔健康知识和态度有积极的促进作用。

PURPOSE： The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health outcomes of a school-based oral health education （OHE） programme on children, mothers and school teachers. METHODS： The WHO Health Promoting Schools Project was applied to primary schoolchildren in 3 experimental and 3 control schools in Hongshan District, Wuhan City, with a 3-year follow-up. The data were analyzed by means of the SPSS/PC＋ system. Differences in changes over-time between the two groups were compared using the independent samples t test for mean scores as the clinical variables while Chi-square test was applied for categorical variables. RESULTS： The f/F components were higher among children in the experimental group than in the control group （P〈0.01） and the gingival bleeding score was significantly lower. The increase in the proportion of children with toothbrushing at least twice a day was about 26% for the experimental group and 19% for the control group （P〈0.05）; dental visits within the previous year grew higher among the experimental group than in the control group （P〈0.01）. The proportion of mothers who cleaned their child＇s teeth weekly was significantly higher for the experimental group as compared to the control group （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： This study suggested that school-based OHE had positive effects on gingival bleeding score and oral health behaviour in children, and as well as oral health knowledge and attitudes in mothers and teachers.