胶州湾多毛类环节动物数量分布与环境因子的关系

Relationship Between Quantitive Distribution of Benthic Polychaete Annelida and Environmental Factors in Jiaozhou Bay

根据1998—2002年胶州湾10个站各季度大型底栖动物调查结果，讨论了多毛类环节动物在各站出现种数、生物量、栖息密度与环境因子的关系．结果表明，海底底质是影响多毛类数量分布与变化的重要因子，沙质软泥有利于多毛类生长，而粗沙砾石底质多毛类分布较少；春季多毛类种数、生物量和栖息密度均较高；在一定条件下，盐度是多毛类的限制因子，当盐度升高时，其生物量和栖息密度呈增加趋势．

Polychaete annelids play a very important rote in the maerobenthos in marine ecosystem. The material of polychaetes on which the paper was based was collected seasonally from 10 stations in the Jiaozhou Bay, south coast of the Shandong Peninsula, the southern Yellow Sea from 1998 to 2002. This paper analyzes the relationship of the distribution of species, biomass and density of Polychaeta with the environmental factors, including salinity, water temperature and sediment type. The results show that the quantity of polychaetes changes with seasons, and the sediment type is the key factor of controlling the distribution of polychaetes. The organic content of sediment affects the quantity of polychaetes, i. e. , the sediment containing rich nutrition is favor to the worms, otherwise, there are few polychaetes in the coarse gravel, which contains little nutrition. The species numbers, biomass and density in spring are higher than those in other seasons. Salinity is also a limiting factor for the distribution of polychaetes, higher salinity results in more biomass and greater density of polychaetes. The results also show that the biomass and density of polychaetes in the Jiaozhou Bay were descended from 1998 to 2002, which implies that the environment for polychaetes in the Jiaozhou Bay has become worse in the recent years. Fig 2, Tab 2, Ref 14