农村蔬菜废物高温好氧降解协同性及动力学

Non-collaboration and Kinetics of Aerobic Thermophilic Composting for Vegetable Waste

对太湖流域农村典型蔬菜废物进行了高温好氧降解试验，结果表明，好氧降解d14末有机物降解率大小顺序为：叶菜皮〉竹笋壳〉叶菜皮＋竹笋壳〉叶菜皮＋菱白壳〉茭白壳．对于混合物料，叶菜皮＋竹笋壳组有机物降解后期（6—14d）存在非协同降解关系，其主要是由于其难降解组分后期降解存在抑制导致而成；叶菜皮＋茭白壳则呈独立降解关系．蔬菜废物高温好氧降解符合一级动力学，降解速率常数在0．036—0．100d^-1之间，各不同组物料降解速率大／bN序为：叶菜皮〉笋壳〉叶菜皮＋竹笋壳〉叶菜皮＋茭白壳〉茭白壳．统计分析表明，降解速率与物料纤维素初始浓度相关性最好，指数模型拟和效果最优，可作为蔬菜废物高温好氧降解速率常数的经验公式．

The synergy and kinetics of aerobic thermophilic composting were studied for vegetable waste in the Tai Lake region, The results indicated that after 14 days the degradation rate order was found as： Yecp 〉 Zhusk 〉 Yecp ＋ Zhusk 〉 Yecp ＋ Jiaobk 〉 Jiaobk. There was no synergy in the degradation of mixed wastes. Because the degradation of the recalcitrant degradable matter was prominently restrained. The degradation of Yecp ＋ Zhusk at the curing stage （6 - 14 days） was lower than the theoretical value, while there was a co-composting relation in the degradation of Ycp ＋ Jiaobk. The degradation of vegetable waste conformed to the first order kinetic, of which the rate constant ranged between 0.036 - 0. 100 d^-1. The rate constant followed the descending sequence of Yecp, Zhusk, Yecp ＋ Zhusk, Yecp ＋ Jiaobk and Jiaobk. The regression analysis showed that the rate constant was greatly related to the initial concentration of cellulous, and the exponential function was the fittest model. Fig 3, Tab 6, Ref 16