两汉边疆思想观的论争与统一多民族国家边疆思想的形成

A Study on the View of Borderland Thoughts in the Western and the Eastern Han Dynasties and Formation of the Unified Borderland Thoughts with Multi-ethnic Groups

本文认为,边疆观作为关于国家边疆基本意义和价值的认识、理解,在很大程度上是边疆思想论争中治边观取向的依据和支撑。大而划之,两汉边疆思想论争可分为“无用”之论和“国本”之论两类相互对立而又紧密联系的思想观念,论争呈现出前后承继而又各具时代特点的四个历史阶段。边疆思想的论争不仅对两汉的边疆经略实践产生了重要的引导作用,也渐进丰富、完善了统一多民族国家的边疆思想。由西汉初期至昭帝盐铁之论持续进行的大一统思想与边疆思想的相融,特别是论争双方在大一统思想基础上呈现的边疆思想的趋同,标志着中国统一多民族国家边疆思想的形成。

This paper argues that the view of borderlands, as a basic significance of national borderlands and the key to understand its value, is the grounds and support of orientation of the frontier administration to large content. Generally speaking, the thoughts of frontier in the Han dynasties can be divided into two categories, namely the view of uselessness and the view of national core, which are opposite and closely connected with each other. The discussion can be generalized into four historical periods with its different characteristics of various ages. The discussion of frontier thoughts not only played an important leading role in the practical activities of the frontier administration in the Eastern and the Western Han dynasties, but also enriched the frontier thoughts of the unified nation with multi-ethnic groups. The integration of the great unification and the frontier thoughts, which was formed from the early period of the Western Han Dynasty to the period of Emperor Zhao(昭帝), indicates the formation of unified Chinese nation with multi-ethnic groups.